What Makes a Great Golf Course?

So what makes a great golf course?downhill, away from you. Take a big stick, aim to
The world is full of good, average and even poorthe right and carry the bunkers, however, and
layouts over which to test ourselves, but fewyou will land on a narrow strip of fairway that
manage the accolade of ‘great’ which, infeeds down to the putting surface, with a chance
our view, means the sort of course you wouldof eagle and likely birdie. But go a bit strong and
try and play before you die, no matter the cost.you’ll be on a bank of heavy grass; underhit
It’s a relevant question for two reasons.and you’ll be in sand – a classic risk
First, because there are no written or objectivereward strategic hole.
criteria to define greatness. And second, because 
Kingsbarns, just outside St Andrews, has won soLater in the round comes a quartet of holes
much in terms of accolades and recognition since12-15, that stands comparison with anything in the
it opened in 2000 that it has already earned theworld, and that includes Augusta National’s
description ‘great’.famed Amen Corner. It includes a stunning par
But while the criteria for such a label do notfive dogleg right-to-left that hugs the shoreline and
appear in a rule book anywhere, perhaps here atis reminiscent of the 19th at Pebble Beach; a
Mulligan we should consider our own terms.short but challenging par three that nestles against
 a dramatic rocky outcrop, a short par four that
First, a course must be memorable – noseems a pushover but flatters to deceive, and
blandness in this list. If you have played a layoutanother par three, the green of which seems to
just once, and have difficulty recalling thebe almost in the ocean.
difference between the 1st and 18th, or cannot
instantly bring to mind the best holes, it’s notThe first time he set eyes on the place, Sir
good enough.Michael Bonallack, former secretary of the R&A
 and British Amateur champion five times, said:
Second, it should offer a proper golfing challenge,‘Kingsbarns might well be one of the last true
but that does not mean simply that it is toughseaside links sites capable of development in
– the Blue Monster at Doral is fiendishlyScotland. Mere words cannot convey just how
difficult, but it’s not great. Pine Valley is both.extraordinary the place is. It must be seen to be
 believed. And once seen it will never be
Third, it should be subtle, and require carefulforgotten.’ He is not a man given to
thought or a few visits to properly appreciate thehyperbole.
test it represents, and probably the best example 
of a subtle test is the Old Course at St Andrews.Kingsbarns has its share of bunkers but not too
 many, it deliberately has no gorse, because it is
almost impossible to extract a golf ball from it,
Fourth comes aesthetic splendour, although asand no forced, heroic carries. Mark Parsinen
with all things, beauty is in the eye of thestudied several of Scotland’s greatest
beholder. To some, the rugged, wild landscape ofcourses before settling down with Kyle Phillips to
Royal Dornoch or Carne is unattractive but todesign his own layout and concluded that, above
golfers, they represent the Mona Lisa.all, golfers should walk off the 18th with a smile
 on their face, not looking as if they had just gone
Finally is the almost indefinable element of mood,10 rounds with Lennox Lewis.
or atmosphere or ambience or whatever other 
label you may want to apply. Some places spendTo further this philosophy he took the Augusta
millions of pounds and employ the best golfingNational approach which, in its simplest terms,
brains in the world yet somehow disappoint, whilemeans that getting from tee to green is relatively
others have that ‘wow’ factor almosteasy, but if you want to score, you have to be in
permeating the soil, or so it seems.the right part of the green. The putting surfaces
 Such a place is Kingsbarns. Although golf hasare very large and are filled with subtle (and
been played over this stretch of Fife coastlinesometimes very obvious) undulations, which mean
since 1793, virtually nothing of the original coursethat a straight putt is a rarity and the first part of
remained until co-owner Mark Parsinen andyour game that has to be in good working order
architect Kyle Phillips, moved 300,000 cubicis your putting stroke. The greens are also in
metres of earth to create today’s course. Insuperb condition all year round – largely thanks
the process they uncovered a burn that no-oneto the course’s policy of closing at the end of
knew about (and which plays a significant part inNovember every year and re-opening at the end
the golfer’s approach to the 18th) but moreof March.
remarkably, the Kingsbarns they created looks as 
if it has been there since time began.Kingsbarns does not have the rough, craggy,
Every single hole has a view of the sea, on moreNeanderthal look of a Doonbeg or Royal County
than half of them it is conspicuously in yourDown, with massive dunes and hillocks to
eyeline as you play, and several run parallel to thenegotiate, rather it is a gentler, softer landscape
shoreline but probably the most impressive thingwhere it becomes easy to feel at one with your
is that Kingsbarns is, like Augusta National, equallysurroundings and where, as PG Wodehouse once
enjoyable for high handicappers as for Tour pros.wrote of another course: ‘The whole of
At 6,652 yards (par 72) from the visitors greennature seems to cry “Fore!”’ It is built
tees it is not overlong and, like many other goodby golfers for golfers, and nowhere is this more
tracks, it starts relatively gently before asking itsapparent than the understated clubhouse, which is
more searching questions.everything a 19th hole should be –
 comfortable, companionable and welcoming. Oh,
It is also, we are delighted to say, a fan of theand none of your fancy nouveau cuisine, here you
good, short par four, which is in danger ofget the sort of grub that you need after a round
becoming a neglected part of the golfof golf – solid burgers and chips the size of
architect’s armoury. This is exemplified at theyour thumb.
6th, which is only 287 yards but which, like all 
good shorter holes, offers you a choice and aKingsbarns is expensive – 2008 green fees
decision. Knock a long iron or hybrid straight atare £130 in April and May, and £170 between
the two bunkers and you’ll finish short ofJune and November – but worth it, and if you
them with a relatively straightforward wedge toget the chance, you should mug your granny to
the green, which you cannot see, and which runsget there.