What Drives You?

"Tennis, running, and golf: depending on whether IMasters with a group of people to watch the
want to abuse my elbows, my knees, or mypractice sessions on Monday and Tuesday. Part of
emotions." Phil Knight Chairman, President and CEOthe fun of the experience is for each of us to
of Nike Inc., when asked about his passionspredict the winner. We watch the players hit long
outside work.shots on the practice tee, tune up their putting on
I have always been fascinated by performancethe practice green, fine tune their touch with
and what separates the average from theshorter shots around the green, and practice on
outstanding. My own tournament professional golfthe course to get a feel for the variety of shots
career ignited a curiosity to understand how athey'll need to hit in the real rounds. Each of us
world-class golfer couldn't reach his potential and,then chooses, based on what we see, who we
perhaps more importantly, be frustrated andthink will win. Now remember here, we watch the
miserable much of the time. And I know I am notpractice rounds and not the real thing. The actual
alone. Many who reach for the stars fall to theevent begins on Thursday and finishes up on
earth scratching their heads and looking forSunday afternoon.
answers. My search has taken me on a bigI can confidently tell you that every player we
journey, from great education, through personalwatch in the practice sessions looks fantastic.
experience in top-level international competition, toMost are in good form and are peaking for the
working with the best in their fi elds and havingevent. They hit the ball long and straight on the
the opportunity to ask about and understandpractice tee, roll the ball nicely on the practice
what they do. We are all performers in life.green, and the relaxed atmosphere produces
Whether you know it or not, if you're leading,some great shot making. We have found that it is
working, parenting, creating and developing avirtually impossible, based on the practice sessions,
relationship, playing golf or enjoying your passion,to predict who will do well and who won't. In fact,
you are on stage. And along with performancewe're always surprised how far down the list our
comes pressure, in varying degrees. How wepicks are when we get the final results on Sunday
handle the pressure usually determines if we flyafternoon. After playing professional golf and
or fall down.knowing something about the game, you'd think I
What drives you? Like you, I have both flown andwould be able to separate the good talent from
fallen down... often. Let me share a time with youthe great. But in our little competition, I really don't
when I was under great pressure, how I felt, howdo very well!
I dealt with it, and the result.So what does this mean?
My story-the disaster down under I sat slumpedWhen players, leaders and performers in general
on the end of my golf bag in Melbourne, Australiaare under pressures in dynamic, changing
after missing the cut and losing anotherenvironments funny things happen and behavior
opportunity in professional golf. I was strugglingchanges. Th e Masters tournament for
and panic was setting in. I was frustrated, myprofessional golfers is the ultimate pressure test,
sponsors were losing hope, and the future waswhere the pressure intensifies each day from
not bright. All I could think about was that IThursday through Sunday, and only those
seemed to be getting worse instead of better.equipped to handle it flourish. For many, the great
How could this happen? What was I doing wrong?talent seen in the practice sessions on Monday
Was I that bad? Where was the talent that hadand Tuesday shrinks-big talent suddenly becomes
gotten me to this point?small. Th e calm, clear, relaxed demeanor earlier in
As usual I headed for the practice area where,the week turns anxious and cloudy as the week
with no pressure, I hit ball after ball straight andgoes on. Each day the pressure grows. Th e
long-a normal result after struggling when itplayers get closer to the grand prize and the
counted. It certainly wasn't my technique causingrewards that come with it; they are pushed to
all of the grief... it was more than that. Mytheir limits and the distractions increase. Those
downward spiral had started weeks earlier, atable to deal with these pressures will contend,
another international tournament, when the world'sthose who can't, won't.
top golfer at the time, Australia's Greg Norman,The same general principle applies if you attend a
changed the dynamic of my world. Theconference with a number of CEOs addressing an
atmosphere became charged when the world'saudience. Watching and listening to them speak,
number one golfer showed up to play in atry picking the CEOs that are running highly
tournament. There was more money, moresuccessful companies and which ones are leading
people, more pressure. Th is event stands outcompanies that are just making the cut. No
more than any other in a disappointing career. Imatter how impressive they sound in this
was an unproven twenty-two-year-old with anenvironment, unless you can observe the CEOs in
opportunity to prove myself on the world stagetheir dynamic, changing environments, making
and gain some momentum in what was supposeddecisions under day to day pressures in the
to be a promising future in professional golf.competitive business environment, it is very
I stood on the first tee in Melbourne, waiting to hitdifficult to assess whether they are consistent,
my opening shot in front of thousands of golfsustainable performers.
fans. The people were waiting for their hero, whoContenders and pretenders will often look the
as fate would have it, was playing in the groupsame to you or me, but they are very diff erent.
behind me. I felt small and overwhelmed by theA contender is an authentic individual who can
situation. Five minutes earlier, as I had warmed upsustain performance over time. A contender is
next to the tee area, I had felt my hands andconsistent. A pretender is an actor that struggles
knees shaking for the fi rst time in my life. I wasto repeat performance. Here are a few key
warming up inches away from the world's numberways that pretenders and contenders are
one golfer- and he looked bigger than life!different:
The first few holes were terribly uncomfortable. IContenders: Pretenders: Gobble up pressure Are
had been played before. As I made my way togobbled up by pressure Are comfortable in their
the final holes, the day was becoming moreown skin Are not quite comfortable Connect with
miserable as my score and head both spun out oftheir core values and live them Constantly change
control. The torture was almost over but nottheir values to meet new needs and situations
without a final freefall down the eighteenth hole.Are proactive Are reactive Look in the mirror and
I hit a long, straight drive off the eighteenth teechange what they don't like Avoid the mirror and
and I'm really not sure to this day how I did thatstay the same Create impressions that last over
with the range of emotions raging through metime Create great first impressions but are unable
and throwing me off balance. There was a sea ofto sustain a lasting impression Ask others for their
people lining the fairway from the tee to theopinion on their performance Rely on their own,
green to catch a glimpse of Mr. Norman, justbiased view of themselves Commit to long-term
behind. I was very much aware that the crowdimprovement Use band-aid fixes for short-term
was not there to see me.gain Write down specific goals and commit to
My second shot wasn't difficult but it felt like thethem Create loose goals that don't require
hardest shot in the world with thousands ofabsolute commitment Are courageous and
impatient faces waiting for me to get on with itconfident Are prisoners to fear Are disciplined
and get out of the way. My caddie suggested aLack control Play to their own standards Play to
3-iron as a pretty good wind blew in our facesmeet others' expectations
and the shot approached 200 yards. I agreed. AEmotions drive people-people drive performance
3-iron it was. Greg was now on the eighteenthIt has become clear to me through my own
tee staring down the fairway at our group. I setexperience and in my work with all levels of
up as usual for the shot, looked at my target andperformers, that what really stops people from
down at my ball, swung my club and screamed adoing what they already know how to do is their
low, wild shot right into the crowd, hitting an olderfailure to recognize the impact that emotions
gentleman squarely on the shoulder. The crowdhave on their actions and performance. This
cleared and made room for me to approach mybecomes apparent when they cannot apply their
next shot, an easy little 60 yarder I've hit a millioneveryday skills and knowledge under challenging or
times. With my head in a dizzying frenzy, I swungstressful situations. The best of the best
the club back and delivered what was supposedrecognize the importance of this emotional
to be a simple little shot onto the green, out overintelligence, not only in realizing their potential but in
to the other side of the green and into thesustaining it over time. The world's best golfer,
grandstand, hitting a middle-aged lady in the leg.Tiger Woods, tells reporters that controlling
As I crossed to the other side of the green, theemotion is the key to winning professional golf
crowd, some of whom had been drinking beer allchampionships. Former General Electric CEO Jack
afternoon in the hot Australian sun, made it clearWelch made a similar observation about the
that I was a fl y in the ointment. "Are you done,importance of emotional control in the business
mate?" screamed one fan from the top of theworld. He said: "Emotional intelligence is more rare
grandstand. The big crowd's patience was thinningthan book smarts, but my experience says it is
as their hero was now within view. I dropped myactually more important in the making of a
ball away from the grandstand and proceeded toleader-you just can't ignore it."
take five more clumsy shots before the agonyAnd broadcasters typically tell us before the final
ended. Feeling about an inch tall, I calculated mygame in a playoff series or tournament that "If
score, signed the official scorecard, and found ahe/she/they can control their emotions today,
quiet spot to sit down and try and make sensethey can win." This implies that if they don't have
of what had just happened.a handle on their emotions, they can't win. Very
My professional golf career continued on a similartelling. We all know that technical skills are critical
path of mediocrity until the decision was made toto success in any endeavor. Being smart is
wave the white flag. What was to have been aimportant too. But, we know through research
very promising professional golf career turned intothat intelligence is not the separator between
five and a half years of inconsistent results,pretenders and contenders. While great technique
underachievement, frustration and headaches.and knowledge about a subject will get you so
There were some great moments and somefar, the ability to be aware of your emotions and
achievement, but I couldn't seem to repeat it andmanage your responses under pressure is the
create consistent results. I had no idea then whatdifferentiator.
happened, but after lots of reflection I have aMy work with business people, leaders, athletes
very good idea now.and others has shown me that being in tune with
Fear, frustration, hesitation, panic and anger setemotions is a critical piece in becoming a
the tone for my performance. As leadingcontender. We process and connect with the
Emotional Intelligence expert Daniel Golemanworld through our emotions. More than two
outlines in his book Social Intelligence, I wasdecades of research done by experts like Daniel
frazzled. I was consistently knocked off my focusGoleman and others in the field of emotional
by negative emotions, and I didn't have the toolsintelligence supports this finding. It shows that
or knowledge to do something about it. Theseintelligence about emotions is twice as important
emotions shaped my thinking, which shaped myas technical competence and IQ combined in
behavior, which shaped my performance. Idetermining whether someone's performance will
worked hard and felt like I was practicing the rightbe outstanding or average.
things but no amount of time at the practiceGoleman et al also tell us that we feel things
range was going to reverse the downward spiral.before we think about them. It's important for
Feeling the heat Do you feel pressure in your life?you to know this order. It means that:
How do you deal with it? When things aren't goingYour emotions influence your thinking. Your
as expected in the family, are you a prisoner tothinking influences your behavior. Your behavior
your emotions? When the economy slips andinfluences your performance.
financial pressures fall on your shoulders, do youThe starting point in this chain, emotions, is what
feel highly stressed? When an importantensures clear thinking, positive behavior and the
presentation at work must be delivered withresulting consistent performance.
persuasiveness and confidence, is your mind clearEmotions drive people and people drive
or cloudy? When your boss is not handling theperformance.
pressure well and is unfair, do you rise above it orDon't feel bad about not knowing about this or
let it ruin your day? When you take on too muchhow important it is to you. We all follow similar
in your life, and you're juggling four things at oncepaths in our lives. The first and most important
but only have time for three, do you feel strainedthing in our lives is school. We are exhorted to
and anxious? Simply, when the pressure is on instudy hard, learn as much as we can, perform as
your life, do you rise to the occasion and play bigwell as possible. Technical skills are the focus of
with confidence and composure, or do youour education and we are measured according to
crumble and play small with fear?how much we know. There is no systematic
Nowhere is the separator between pretendersapproach to teaching us how to handle ourselves
and contenders clearer than at a professional golfunder pressure, how to become self-aware, and
event. The bigger the event, the bigger the gaphow to create consistent, sustainable relationships.
of separation you will see between the top andThese things simply are not part of the
bottom. One of the biggest events in professionalcurriculum. It is left up to us to develop these
golf is The Masters tournament played each Aprilskills on our own in the schoolyard, on the playing
in Augusta, GA. It's the granddaddy. The bestfield, at the office and at home.
golfers on the planet arrive at Augusta toThe objective in my book "You are a Contender!"
compete for the green jacket and the prizeis to help individuals build emotional muscle and
money. The world's media cover the event andbecome contenders. The book outlines keys and
golf fans everywhere watch, as it officially startsoffers solutions how to build this muscle and be a
the golf season.more effective performer.
For the past few years, I have visited Th e